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Sample essay topic, essay writing: Ukraine: Facts - 1026 words

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Ukraine: FactsUkraine is a state in Eastern Europe, bounded on the north by Belarus, on thenorth and east by the Russian Federation, on the west by Poland, Slovakia, onthe southwest by Hungary, Rumania, and Moldova, and on the south by the BlackSea and the Sea of Azov.Ukraine includes the Crimean Autonomous Republic, which was elevated from anoblast to a constituent republic in 1991.Kyiv is the capital and largest city.Ukraine is the second largest country in Europe after Russia. The total area ofUkraine is 603,700 sq. km (compare the area of France - 551,000 sq. km; Germany- 356,000; Great Britain - 244,000; Italy - 301,000; Spain - 505,000). The areaspanned in a west-east direction is 1300 km; from north to south - 900 km.The population of Ukraine is 52 million (Germany - 78 million; France - 56million; Great Britain - 58 million; Italy - 59 million; Spain - 40 million).Ukraine's state border extends for a total of 7698 km: with Russia - 2484 km;Belarus - 952 km; Rumania - 608 km; Poland - 542 km; Slovakia - 98 km; Hungary -135 km; Moldova - 1194 km.

The total length of Ukraine's sea coast is 1758 km(Black Sea - 1533 km; Sea of Azov - 225 km).The climate of Ukraine is moderate-continental; in the southernmost region ofthe Crimea the climate is sub-tropical. The largest river of Ukraine is theDnipro, which is 2201 km in length, of which 981 km flow through Ukraine. Thelargest mountain system in Ukraine is the Carpathian Mountains that extend formore than 270 km and are 100-110 km wide. The highest peak is the Hoverla (2061m).GovernmentNames: conventional long form: none conventional short form: Ukraine local longform: none local short form: Ukrayina former: Ukrainian Soviet SocialistRepublicDigraph: UPType: republicCapital: Kiev (Kyyiv)Administrative divisions: 24 oblasti (singular - oblast'), 1 autonomousrepublic* (avtomnaya respublika), and 2 municipalites (mista, singular - misto)with oblast status**; Cherkas'ka (Cherkasy), Chernihivs'ka (Chernihiv),Chernivets'ka (Chernivtsi), Dnipropetrovs'ka (Dnipropetrovs'k), Donets'ka(Donets'k), Ivano-Frankivs'ka (Ivano-Frankivs'k), Kharkivs'ka (Kharkiv),Khersons'ka (Kherson), Khmel'nyts'ka (Khmel'nyts'kyy), Kirovohrads'ka(Kirovohrad), Kyyiv**, Kyyivs'ka (Kiev), Luhans'ka (Luhans'k), L'vivs'ka (L'viv),Mykolayivs'ka (Mykolayiv), Odes'ka (Odesa), Poltavs'ka (Poltava), RespublikaKrym* (Simferopol'), Rivnens'ka (Rivne), Sevastopol'**, Sums'ka (Sevastopol'),Ternopil's'ka (Ternopil'), Vinnyts'ka (Vinnytsya), Volyns'ka (Luts'k),Zakarpats'ka (Uzhhorod), Zaporiz'ka (Zaporizhzhya), Zhytomyrs'ka (Zhytomyr)note: names in parentheses are administrative centers when name differs fromoblast' nameIndependence: 1 December 1991 (from Soviet Union)National holiday: Independence Day, 24 August (1991)Constitution: using 1978 pre-independence constitution; new constitutioncurrently being draftedLegal system: based on civil law system; no judicial review of legislative actsSuffrage: 18 years of age; universalExecutive branch: chief of state: President Leonid D. KUCHMA (since 19 July1994); election last held 26 June and 10 July 1994 (next to be held NA 1999);results - Leonid KUCHMA 52.15%, Leonid KRAVCHUK 45.06% head of government:Acting Prime Minister Yeuben MARCHUK (since 3 March 1995); First Deputy PrimeMinisters Yevhen MARCHUK and Viktor PYNZENYK (since 31 October 1994) and sixdeputy prime ministers cabinet: Council of Ministers; appointed by the presidentand approved by the Supreme Council National Security Council: originallycreated in 1992, but signficantly revamped and strengthened under PresidentKUCHMA; members include the president, prime minister, Ministers of Finance,Environment, Justice, Internal Affairs, Foreign Economic Relations, Economic andForeign Affairs; the NSC staff is tasked with developing national securitypolicy on domestic and international matters and advising the presidentPresidential Administration: helps draft presidential edicts and provides policysupport to the president Council of Regions: advisory body created by PresidentKUCHMA in September 1994; includes the Chairmen of Oblast and Kiev andSevastopol City Supreme CouncilsLegislative branch: unicameral Supreme Council: elections last held 27 March1994 with repeat elections continuing through December 1998 to fill empty seats(next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (450 total)Communists 91, Rukh 22, Agrarians 18, Socialists 15, Republicans 11, Congress ofUkrainian Nationalists 5, Labor 5, Party of Democratic Revival 4, Democrats 2,Social Democrats 2, Civil Congress 2, Conservative Republicans 1, Party ofEconomic Revival of Crimea 1, Christian Democrats 1, independents 225; note -405 deputies have been elected; run-off elections for the remaining 45 seats tobe held by December 1998Judicial branch: joint commission formed in April 1995 to define a program ofjudicial reform by year-endPolitical parties and leaders: Green Party of Ukraine, Vitaliy KONONOV, leader;Liberal Party of Ukraine; Liberal Democratic Party of Ukraine, VolodymyrKLYMCHUK, chairman; Democratic Party of Ukraine, Volodymyr OleksandrovychYAVORIVSKIY, chairman; People's Party of Ukraine, Leopol'd TABURYANSKYY,chairman; Peasants' Party of Ukraine, Serhiy DOVHRAN', chairman; Party ofDemocratic Rebirth (Revival) of Ukraine, Volodymyr FILENKO, chairman; SocialDemocratic Party of Ukraine, Yuriy VUZDUHAN, chairman; Socialist Party ofUkraine, Oleksandr MOROZ, chairman; Ukrainian Christian Democratic Party,Vitaliy ZHURAVSKYY, chairman; Ukrainian Conservative Republican Party, StepanKHMARA, chairman; Ukrainian Labor Party, Valentyn LANDYK, chairman; UkrainianParty of Justice, Mykhaylo HRECHKO, chairman; Ukrainian Peasants' DemocraticParty, Serhiy PLACHINDA, chairman; Ukrainian Republican Party, Mykhaylo HORYN',chairman; Ukrainian National Conservative Party, Viktor RADIONOV, chairman;Ukrainian People's Movement for Restructuring (Rukh), Vyacheslav CHORNOVIL,chairman; Ukrainian Communist Party, Petr SYMONENKO; Agrarian Party; Congress ofUkrainian Nationalists, S. STESTKO; Civil Congress, O

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BAZYLUK; Party ofEconomic Revival of Crimea; Democratic Party Of Ukraine, Serhiy DOVMAN',chairmanOther political or pressure groups: New Ukraine (Nova Ukrayina); Congress ofNational Democratic ForcesMember of: BSEC, CCC, CE (guest), CEI (associate members), CIS, EBRD, ECE, IAEA,IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT (nonsignatory user),INTERPOL, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, NACC, OSCE, PCA, PFP, UN, UNCTAD,UNESCO, UNIDO, UNPROFOR, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMODiplomatic representation in US: chief of mission: Ambassador Yuriy SHCHERBAKchancery: 3350 M Street NW, Washington, DC 20007 telephone: [1] (202) 333-0606FAX: [1] (202) 333-0817 consulate(s) general: Chicago and New YorkUS diplomatic representation: chief of mission: Ambassador William Green MILLERembassy: 10 Yuria Kotsyubinskovo, 252053 Kiev 53 mailing address: use embassystreet address telephone: [7] (044) 244-73-49, 244-37-45 FAX: [7] (044) 244-73-50Flag: two equal horizontal bands of azure (top) and golden yellow representgrainfields under a blue skyPeoplePopulation: 51,867,828 (July 1995 est.)Age structure: 0-14 years: 21% (female 5,217,850; male 5,407,450) 15-64 years:65% (female 17,563,924; male 16,334,299) 65 years and over: 14% (female4,976,893; male 2,367,412) (July 1995 est.)Population growth rate: 0.04% (1995 est.)Birth rate: 12.31 births/1,000 population (1995 est.)Death rate: 12.67 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.)Net migration rate: 0.71 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.)Infant mortality rate: 20.5 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.)Life expectancy at birth: total population: 70.11 years male: 65.59 yearsfemale: 74.87 years (1995 est.)Total fertility rate: 1.81 children born/woman (1995 est.)Nationality: noun: Ukrainian(s) adjective: UkrainianEthnic divisions: Ukrainian 73%, Russian 22%, Jewish 1%, other 4%Religions: Ukrainian Orthodox - Moscow Patriarchate, Ukrainian Orthodox - KievPatriarchate, Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox, Ukrainian Catholic (Uniate),Protestant, JewishLanguages: Ukrainian, Russian, Romanian, Polish, HungarianLiteracy: age 15 and over can read and write (1989) total population: 98% male:100% female: 97%Labor force: 23.55 million (January 1994) by occupation: industry andconstruction 33%, agriculture and forestry 21%, health, education, and culture16%, trade and distribution 7%, transport and communication 7%, other 16% (1992)Copyright by Vitaly Kukshin.

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