2 3 Vote Requirement In Congress example essay topic

PART ONE- the definitions are done on the notebook along with the matching and multiple choice. SHORT ANSWER 2. A. A democracy is a form of government where the people govern themselves. A republic is a form of government where the people elect officials to make their decisions for them. A democratic republic is a form of government where the people elect officials to represent them in the affairs of the government. B. The united states government is a democratic republic. 3. A. Abraham Lincoln was describing the fact that without the consent of the people there would be no government. B. Lincoln was referring to the constitution. 4.1. Being well informed of what our government is doing. 2.

Voting in all elections 3. writing letters to our representatives expressing our views and opinions 4. By lobbying when and if it is an option. 5. Taking legal action against a law that we may feel is unconstitutional 6. By signing petitions in support of or against some actions taken by elected officials. 5.1.

There was no central power 2. There was no executive 3. There was no judicial system 6. exclusive federal power are those powers belonging only to the federal government. Concurrent powers are those belonging to both the state and federal governments. Denied powers are those powers that are forbidden from any government.

7. The problem was solves by dividing the powers of government. 8. Ratifying the constitution meant that nine of the thirteen states had to accept it. 9. One opposing side was called the federalists.

The other opposing side was called the anti-federalists. PART TWO definitions 1. Preamble- the introduction to the constitution 2. Union- the bringing together of two or more groups to form one.

3. Welfare- the general well-being of a people 4. Posterity- those that come after us. 5. Register- to sign you name among those qualified for voting.

6. Congressional district- the section of state that is represented by one member of the house. 7. Census- the counting of people of any given area 8. Caucus- the meeting of leaders of a political party held for some special purpose 9.

Impeachment- the act of accusing a political figure of some wrong doing. 10. Quorum- The amount of members of a group required to be present to complete their business. MULTIPLE CHOICE 1.

C 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. D 6.

A 7. B 8. D 9. B 10. ASHORT ANSWER 1. The constitution was written in it's final form by Gouverneur Morris. 2.1.

In order to form a more perfect union- I think this means in order to bring the people of our nation closer together and to make the government more stable and smoother running. 2. To establish justice- to me this means to make sure that the people who disobey laws and show disrespect to our nation are punished for their crimes and to make sure that they get fair treatment if they are accused of a crime. 3. To ensure domestic tranquility- this means to provide for fair living arrangements for the people of a state, to prevent rebellion and civil war. 4.

To provide for the common defense- this means that all states are protected by the national army because all states support the need for a national army, because we are one nation. 5. To promote the general welfare- this means that because we have a government that is closer together we provide a better life for our people. 6. To secure the blessings of liberty for ourselves and our posterity- to provide the equal rights and opportunity for the citizens of the united states for all time. 3.

The purpose of the legislative branch is to provide the laws and rules that we as citizens of the united states agree to live by to keep our country's peace. 4. The house of representatives and the senate are the houses that make up the congress. 5. To be a member in the house of representatives a person must be at least 25 years old, been a citizen of the united states for at least 7 years, and live in the state he is elected to represent.

6. Today we have one representative for every 620,000 persons. 7. A. The house of representatives chooses its own officers. B. To be a representative a person must be at least 25 years old, been a citizen of the united states for at least 7 years, and live in the state he is elected to represent. 8. There are two senators from each state. 9. A. The senators are elected by the people every six years. B. A senator must be at least thirty years old, been a citizen of the united states for at least nine years, and live in the state that he represents. 10. We elect one third of the senators every two years because that way, at least two thirds of the people in the senate are people with experience.

11. California -52 New York - 31 Texas - 30 Florida - 23 Pennsylvania- 21 12. CHART- in pencil on paper ARTICLE ONE Definitions 1. Immunity- immunity is the protection against something 2.

Treason- Treason is the act of a citizen of the untied states making war against the U.S. or helping its enemies 3. Felony- Felony is a serious crime. 4. Slander- Slander is when someone says things about you that can ruin your reputation. 5.

Revenue- the money that is received form taxation or any other source. 6. Bill- a bill is a proposed law. 7. Veto- when the bill that is proposed is declined with refusal to sign and sent back with objections. 8.

Pocket veto- The president's act of allowing the time to run out on a bill after congress has adjourned. MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. C 5.

A 6. DSHORT ANSWER 1. A. No a congressman has congressional immunity. B. He cannot be held accountable for any statements he may make against other persons in speeches or debates in either house. C. A congressman can be arrested if he commits treason, a felony, or a breach of the peace. 2. The privilege allows the congressman to speak the truth as he sees it without fear of a civil suit. 3. The reason is because this gives the people a closer look at how they will be taxed that they would get if a tax bill were to be introduced in the senate.

4. If two-thirds of each house favors a vetoed bill it can still become a law without the signature of the president 5. The president may sign and pass the bill, the president may veto the bill or, the president may not sign and not veto the bill in which case the bill becomes a law within ten days of passing the houses. ARTICLE 1 - SECT. 8 9 10 Definitions 1.

Excise- tax on the manufacture, sale, and / or use of products within a country 2. Naturalization- The act of becoming a citizen of a country 3. Patent- a license granted by the government giving inventors and discoverers the only rights to their work for a limited time. 4.

Tribunal- tribunal is another word for court. 5. Appropriation- an amount set aside for a special purpose. 6.

Elastic clause- powers given to congress to make laws to see that its other laws are carried out 7. Writ of habeas corpus- legal paper stating the right of a jailed person to be released of the proper charges cannot be brought against him. 8. Ex post facto law- a law stating that a person cannot be charged of a crime if the act was not a crime at the time of commitment. 9. Bill of attainder- a law that punishes a single individual and denies him the right to a trial.

10. Emolument- the payment for a service. MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A 2. C 3. A 4.

D 5. BShort answer 1. A. This meant that those accused of crimes would have to wait until the court systems got around to them before they would get their trial. B. Congress was allowed to suspend the writ because it was a time of war, where the protection of the citizens was the number one priority. 2.1. Ex post facto law 2. Bill of attainder 3. Writ of habeas corpus 3. Chart- answers on paper EXECUTIVE BRANCH Definitions 1.

Executive- A person who sees that acts are carried out properly. 2. Electoral vote- votes cast by state electors to elect the president and vice-president 3. Polls- stations where voting takes place 4. Primary election- election held before the general election to nominate the candidates of a political part y to run in the general election.

5. Cabinet- The president's advisers who head the executive departments. 6. Oath- a sacred promise 7. Inauguration- a ceremony where the elected official is sworn into office.

8. Reprieve- an order to delay or suspend the carrying out of a court sentence. 9". State of the Union" message- an address made by the president at the beginning of each session of congress with recommendations on improving the state of the nation.

10. Misdemeanors- minor criminal acts MATCHING 1. C 2. G 3. I 4. D 5.

A 6. F 7. J 8. H 9. B 10.

MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. DSHORT ANSWER 1. A. The executive branch consists of the law enforcing are of the government. B. Article II 2.

The presidents main function is to see that laws are enforced properly. 3.1. Power of commander in chief of the army- because the army is the defenders of our nation. 2. The power to make treaties with foreign nations- because if we have good foreign relations then we have no reason to be worried about rational outside attack. 3.

The power to appoint- because we rely solely on th e judgement of the president to appoint people whose actions may have an effect on our every-day lives. 4. A. The electoral college casts the final votes in the general election of who becomes president and vice-president. B. The electoral college is made up of all the representatives and senators of a state. C. The electors are elected by the people of a state. 5. A. George W. Bush B. Dick Cheney C. Condoleeza Rice D. Donald Rumsfeld E. John Ashcroft F. John Snow 6. If no candidate has the majority of electoral votes after the count, the house elects the president form the three with the most electoral votes, and the senate elects the vice-president form the two withe the most electoral votes. 7. The twenty-second amendment states that the president may only serve two terms. 8.

Be a natural born citizen, be at least thirty five years old, and have lived in the united states for at least fourteen years. 9. A. The cabinet is the presidents group of advisers the each hold head positions in the executive departments. B. They are appointed by the president. C. They serve indefinite terms. 10. A. Presidential succession means following in proper order after the president. B. The President; The speaker fo the house; the president pro tempore of the senate; the presidents cabinet members in order of their department's establishment. ARTICLE : The judicial branch Definitions 1. Judicial- anything relating to the court systems 2. Inferior courts- any court lower than the supreme court 3. Jurisdiction- the courts power to try a case 4.

Original jurisdiction- the court's power to try a case first. 5. Appellate jurisdiction- the court's power to re-try a case already tried in lower court. 6.

Criminal case- a court case concerned with law breakers 7. Civil case- a court case involving a disagreement between two parties. 8. Equity Case- a case concerning court action to prevent a wrong or end a wrong being done. 9.

Appeal- request for a new trial in smaller court 10. Treason- making war against the united states or helping it's enemies MULTIPLE CHOICE- 1. C 2. C 3.

B 4. D 5. CHART- done in pencil SHORT ANSWER 1. The purpose of the judicial branch is to provide the means to interpret the laws and act accordingly.

2. In federal courts the federal judges are appointed by the president and approved by the senate. The federal courts have the power to try all cases. 3. The main function of the federal courts is to try all cases of law and provide the appropriate action. 4.

A person must break the law and declare in court that the law is unconstitutional and provide proof of this declaration. If the court sees the proof and agrees with it, it will declare the law unconstitutional. 5. The majority of federal judges are appointed for life because it is believed the the more secure they are in their jobs the less likely they are to be corrupt or accept bribes. ARTICLE IV V VI definitions 1. Absentee ballot- an official mail- in ballot 2.

Fugitive- someone who is escaping justice- fleeing from the law 3. Extradition- the return of a fugitive from one authority to another. 4. Territory- a region of land belonging to the government 5. Domestic violence- riots; mob action; civil unrest 6. Republican form of government- a representative form of government MULTIPLE CHOICE 1.

D 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. DSHORT ANSWER 1.

New states can be admitted to the union by the congress, but a state can't be made without consent from both congress and the states' legislature. 2. The united states guarantees protection from invasion and if the state's government wants it, protection form domestic violence. 3. In order for the amendment to be perfectly complete and added to the constitution it has to be accepted by a three fourth's vote from the states. 4.

First you would have to sign a petition and make your voice heard to the representatives from your state. If they agree they may propose to vote on your amendment, and if the amendment passes the 2/3 vote requirement in congress it would be then sent to the states' legislatures. From there it will either be accepted by the states' legislatures or rejected. 5.1. The United states constitution 2. United States laws and treaties 3.

State Constitutions 4. State Laws 5. Local Laws 6. A. The president may veto bills of congress B. President appoints supreme court justices C. Congress may override the president's veto by a 2/3 majority vote D. Congress may refuse to give consent to an appointment of the supreme court E. The supreme court may declare laws passed by congress and signed by the president unconstitutional. PART THREE definitions 1. Advocate- to be in support of something 2. Redress- to correct 3.

Quarter- to supply room and board for 4. Seizure- to arrest; or when something is taken from someone. 5. Warrant- a document signed by the judge for the arrest, search, or seizure of someone or something. 6.

Writs of assistance- technical name for a search warrant 7. Indict - when a person is charge with a crime and held by the courts for trial. 8. Grand jury- twelve to twenty-three people that are part of a group that reviews evidence to see wether there is enough for a trial. 9. double jeopardy- when a person is being tried for a crime that they " ve already been found not guilty of. 10. prosecute- when the state accuses and attempts to prove.

11. impartial- when someone is open-minded, has no prejudices. 12. enumeration- the number of; the count 13. counsel- your lawyer or attorney 14. subpoena- a court order ordering a person to appear in court. 15. verdict- the decision the jury makes after hearing the evidence. MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. C 2. B 3.

A 4. D 5. BSHORT ANSWER 1. A. The first ten amendments of the constitution. The basic freedoms that the people of the U.S. expected when the constitution was ratified. B. In 17912. Because of the basic rights the citizens felt they had that were not written down in the constitution the first time. 3.1.

The freedom to worship 2. Freedom of the press 3. Freedom of speech 4. Freedom of assembly 5. Freedom of petition 4.1.

Right to a speedy and public trial 2. Right to hear charges made against them 3. Right to hear witnesses against them 4. Right to have witnesses in his favor 5. Right to have assistance of counsel. 5.

Any powers that do not specifically state that they to the federal government, but are not denied to the states' governments. PART FOUR definitions 1. Legislation- the laws 2. Eligible- able to make the qualifications for membership 3. Involuntary servitude- made to work against one's own will.

4. Confederacy- the southern states that attempted to seceded from the united states. 5. Secede- to withdraw 6. Emancipate- to set free 7. Void- to expire; to no longer exist 8.

Income tax- taxes paid on your earnings 9. Repeal- to cancel or end 10. Suffrage- the right to vote 11. Poll tax- voting tax collected to pay the cost of election MATCHING 1. I 2.

F 3. K 4. C 5. D 6. A 7.

B 8. E 9. H 10. G 11. L 12. CHART -- -- 3 charts SHORT ANSWER 1. A. The effect of presidential succession would take place and a new vice president would be appointed with the approval of the senate and / or an election. B. The vice-president will step in a continue to follow the responsibilities of the president C. The president must inform the speaker of the house and the president pro tempore of the senate that he can no longer perform his duties, he vice- president becomes acting president. D. Until the president informs the president pro tempore of the senate and the speaker of the house, in writing, that he is able to carry out his duties again. E. The vice-president and a majority of the president's cabinet inform the president pro tempore and the speaker of the house in writing that the president cannot resume his office, and then congress must assemble and they have twenty one days to make a decision. F. The president informs the president pro tempore of the senate and the speaker of the house, in writing, that he is able to carry out his duties again. G. Congress must have a 2/3 majority vote. H. Congress has 48 hours to assemble to make a decision.

2. A wound from an attempted assassination, prolonged illness and mental disability are three example of why the president would not be able to carry out his duties. PART 6 definitions 1. Judicial review- the power of the courts to declare acts of the executive and legislative branch null and void if found unconstitutional 2. English privy council- advisers to the monarch 3.

Writs of mandamus- orders that force the public officials to perform their duties 4. Executive orders-an unconstitutional exercise of power by the president. 5. Youngstown Sheet & Tube vs. Sawyer- the name of the case when the steel companies challenged Truman's executive order.

6. Mcculloch vs. Maryland- Maryland's law that taxed a federal agency was declared unconstitutional. 7. Standing to sue- meaning that the persons wanting to sue must actually prove the unconstitutionality of their case before any actual trial will take place. 8. NAACP- The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.

9. Executive order 10340- when Truman gave the order to seize the steel mills during the Korean war. 10. March 4, 1789- the date the constitution of the united states became the supreme law of the nation. MULTIPLE CHOICE 1.

B 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. B 6. C 7.

A 8. D 9. C 10. ASHORT ANSWER 1.

The power of the courts to declare acts of the executive and legislative branch null and void if found unconstitutional 2. A. One of the forty two men awaiting commission form Adams's administration to become one of the justices of the peace for the District of Columbia. B. Jefferson's secretary of state. C. Madison refused to obey the writ of mandamus. D. The supreme court decided that Marbury had the right to his commission, but also decided that they had no right to enforce the writ of mandamus. E. Article, section 2 F. The power of judicial review. 3. A. Calif ano vs. Goldfarb - certain provisions of the social act were not unconstitutional because they did not apply to both men and women. B. Ex parte Merry man- the supreme court ruled that president lincoln exceeded his executive powers in denying a trial by jury in a civil court to persons accused of treason. C. Ware vs. Hylton- the supreme court ruled that a virginia law was not valid because it was in conflict with a federal treaty. 4.1. Live controversy rule- the courts will not decide hypothetical questions about the constitution. 2. Standing to sue- a person or persons must show some personal injury from the governmental actin they wish to challenge in court.

3. Political Questions- even if a person /'s has standing to sue, the court may not hear a case is the court agrees that the case involves political questions. 4. Rules for interpretation- the rules developed for federal judges when they do interpret the constitution. 5. A. Ples sy vs. ferguson- the decision that says segregation is okay. B. The 14th amendment C. A black girl, Linda Brown, was forced to walk 20 blocks to an all black elementary school, when there was an all white elementary school right in her neighborhood. D. The supreme court ruled that the "separate but equal" doctrine was unconstitutional. 6. If a person could prove that a law was unconstitutional they could break the law, and appeal their case all the way to the supreme court.

If they could convince the court that the law was unconstitutional it would be withdrawn. 7. A. Milligan was arrested for conspiracy to commit treason. B. The writ of habeas corpus states that a person cannot be held by the state unless the proper charges can be brought against them. It is found in article I, section 9. C. Milligan claimed his conviction was unconstitutional. D. The court ruled that suspending the writ of habeas corpus was unconstitutional.