42 5 Centimeter Long Musical Bow example essay topic

Literary Arts Aeta literary arts include riddles, folk narratives, legends, and myths preserved through oral tradition. Riddles recorded among the Aeta of northern Cagayan province usually come in two lines with assonantal rhyme (Whittle and Lusted 1970): Muminuddukam A ningngijjitam. (Pinna) It wears a crown but isn't a queen It has scales but isn't a fish. (Pineapple) Assisi nga pin asco ni Apu Nga magismagel yu ulu na? (Simu) There is a cave with a bolo in it Full of bones it isn't a grave. (Mouth) Ajar tangapakking nga nick Away ya ipagalliuk.

(Danu m) When you cut it It is mended without a scar. (Water) There is an Aeta creation legend which is also known to the Mangy an: In the beginning, there was no earth, only a vast ocean. A winged king named Manaul escaped from captivity under his bitter enemy Tub luck Law. After the daring escape, he needed a place to rest.

Tired of flying continuously, King Manaul became angry against the sky and the ocean, who in turn retaliated with gigantic waves and ferocious winds. But the sky and ocean failed to punish Manaul because he was very light and agile. The fighting raged on for years until all parties grew weary and gave in. King Manaul then asked for light, which was granted in the form of thousands of fireflies. He asked for counselors and was given all types of birds. Because of his hunger, Manaul ate the chicks, then the small birds.

The remaining large birds, in turn, ate all the fireflies. Manaul felt insulted by the actions of his large birds and gave vent to his fury against the owls. He replaced their eyes with huge ones and obliged them to stay awake all night as punishment. Meanwhile, the king of the air-angered by Manaul's gluttony in eating his counselors-released his wrath by stamping his feet and vomiting lightning, thunderbolts, and winds. King Capt an of the Higuecinas, the genius among the people of the sea, threw from the sky huge rocks and stones to crush Manaul, but missed. Thus land was formed (Eugenio 1982: 28-29).

There are myths about the moon and the sun among several Aeta groups. The Aeta of Aparri, Cagayan look upon the moon as a deity and the companion of the star. The Mamanua also consider the moon sacred, and reduce bright fires while the moon is rising. They make a lot of noise in order to frighten the serpent which is believed to have swallowed the moon or the sun during an eclipse. To recover the moon during an eclipse, the Aeta of Zambales also make a lot of noise.

According to the Mamanua, there was only one kind of people in the beginning. Then lightning struck the earth and set it on fire. Those who were singed black became the Mamanua. The Aeta of Cadiz, Panay believe that their ancestor was the eldest of three sons who was cursed because he laughed at his sleeping father. The sun's heat turned his skin black and his hair kinky. The Aeta of Bula can tell the story of a large ape who stole fire from the supreme being named Kauai and set the world on fire.

The people who fled downstream became the Malays and those who were singed became the Negrito (Maced a 1964: 114,119-120). Performing Arts Some of the musical instruments found (Kroeber 1919) among the Aeta are the flute, the jew's harp made of a sliver of slit bamboo, a traded bronze gong, and the bamboo violin. Instruments were documented in 1931 by Norberto Romualdez (1973) among the Aeta groups. The kullibaw of the Aeta is a jew's harp made of bamboo.

The ban sik of the Aeta of Zambales is a four-hole flute made of mountain cane. The kabungbung of the Aeta of Bataan is a guitar made of one closed node of bamboo, from which two cords are slit loose from the outer skin of the bamboo and given tension by brides. A hole is cut into the bamboo under the two cords for resonance. The gurimbaw of the Aeta of Tayabas has a bow called busog, a bamboo joint called bias, a string called gak a made from fibers of the luk mong vine, and a coconut resonator called kuhitan. The aydluing of the Mamanua is a long guitar with several strings, similar to the kudyapi of other Mindanao groups. Gar van (1964: 149) found flutes, the bamboo guitar, and jew's harp in southwestern Zambales; the long bamboo drums in western Pampanga; the nose flute in Tayabas, Camarines, and Bataan; a bow-shaped instrument in northern Camarines; and a bamboo lute in midwestern Camarines.

The Agta of Pe~nablanca, Cagayan Valley in northeastern Luzon play several instruments during weddings and festivities. The gass a are flat bronze gongs which may be replaced by metal plates or basins. These are struck by the hand and usually accompanied by bamboo instruments like the patagong, a quill-shaped bamboo tube with a length of 4.5 centimeters and a diameter of 5 to 7.5 centimeters at the node. At the center of the bamboo tube, more than half of the bamboo is sliced away according to the vertical grain. The remaining section gradually narrows at the tip, forming a quill shape. The tapered tip shaped like a tongue is struck against two patagong held by the same player.

It has a hole in its handle where the finger is placed to change pitch and timbre. The patagong is played along with the tong tong, a long and slender stamping tube, measuring 37.5 to 50 centimeters long and 5 to 7.5 centimeters in diameter. Its bottom is closed by a node and the top is left open. It is played by striking the base on a hard surface (wood, stone, or cement flooring) to produce a hollow sound (Musical Instruments 1986: 4-11). To express sadness or lessen it, the Pe~nablanca Agta play the timawa, a 42.5- centimeter-long musical bow made of a mature reed known as baikal. Its two strings come from a vine they call la nut.

One end of the bow is placed in the player's mouth while he / she continuously strums the strings. The mouth serves as a resonator for the instrument. The player may also produce different pitches by changing the shape of the mouth or by blowing through the timawa. In Palawan, Isabela, near Pe~nablanca, the Agta or Duma gat have a huge hunting bow called the busog which also functions as a musical instrument. Its body is 1.5 meters long, made of a palm tree trunk called sak on, while the string is from a vine called dap pig. To play the busog, one end of the instrument is attached to a winnower laid upside down on the ground serving as resonator.

A tin or porcelain plate is placed between the string and the bow at the end, which is attached to the winnower. The player holds the bow 15 centimeters from the anchored end, while the thumb of the other hand strums the string rapidly.