Austria Hungary With The Alliance Of Germany example essay topic

Imperialism, World War I and Revolution and Nationalism I) As some of us know what imperialism is, I would like to start you off with a definition for those who may not know what it is or what it means. Imperialism is a policy that one strong nation wants to take over or dominate other countries economic, political, and social forces. The reason is to take over land in all parts of the globe. An example of Imperialism would be India. The British came into India regulating the eastern side of India. India still was in control; they had their own army, but were lead by British officers.

The reason why British cared about India, because of the resources that they had, such as raw materials for their world's largest workshops. Remember Britain was known for good factories, clothing and other products because they started the industrial revolution. Then the British started to set up restrictions for India that prevented them from operating the economy. Then they ordered for India to produce raw materials, for Britain's manufacturing and to buy British finished goods. The British then built a railroad for the raw materials to be shipped out, which then made India more valuable. The British started to restrict Indian owned industries, they then felt and became second class citizens in their own country.

The Indians believed that with the British in control of their country that they were trying to convert their religion to Christianity. The Indians were restricted many things such as jobs, they had the same education as the British, but they didn t get the jobs, the British did. Then came the Sepia Mutiny, when the Hidus and the Muslims then started to fight with the British, to get back their country. Like I said the Indians felt like they were second citizens in their own country. They reacted with war trying to fight with the British and get back their country. II) World War I truly was the result of building aggressions among the countries of Europe, which was backed by the rise of nationalism.

To add to the disastrous plot, there was also imperial competition along with the fear of war prompting military alliances and an arms race. All of these increased the escalating tensions that lead to the outbreak of a world war. Two opposing alliances developed by the Bismarckian diplomacy after the Franco- Prussian War was one of the major causes of the war. In order to diplomatically isolate France, Bismarck formed the Three Emperor's League in 1872, which was an alliance between Germany, Russia, and Austria-Hungary.

Then in 1882, Bismarck took advantage of Italian resentment toward France and formed the Triple Alliance between Germany, Italy and Austria-Hungry. In 1890 Bismarck was dismissed from his office and France took the opportunity to gain an ally, therefore, in 1891 the Franco- Russian Entente was formed. Then in 1904 Britain and France put aside their conflicts and formed the Entente Cordiale. As a result, the Triple Entente, a coalition between Great Britain, France, and Russia, countered the Triple Alliance. Now Europe was divided up into two armed camps. Nationalism also played a major role in developing tensions in Europe; for it had been causing dissatisfaction since the Congress of Vienna in 1815.

In that settlement the preservment of peace was chosen over nationalism, therefore, Germany and Italy were left as divided states, though they did unify in the future. The Franco- Prussian War in 1871 resulted in the France's loss of the province of Al asce-Lorraine to Germany, and the French looked forward to regaining their lands. Then there was Austria- Hungary which controlled many lands that their neighbors felt belonged to them. Serbia wanted Bosnia and Hercegovina, Italy wanted the Trentino and Trieste regions, and the Czechs and Solv aks wanted independence from Austria- Hungry. There was also Russia which had problems within it's own boundaries; for Russia contained many different nationalities and many were also seeking independence in the name of nationalism. Another major conflict that caused the outbreak of the Great War was what is known as the arms race.

With the hostile divisions of the nations of Europe there came the expansion of armies and navies. Furthermore, the great powers came to copy Germany's military organization and efficiency, which called for universal registration for military duty, large reserves and detailed planning. Efforts were made for universal disarmament, but the " international rivalry caused the arms race to continue to feed on itself. Imperial competition also played a major rule in the act of increasing the ever growing tensions among the divided countries of Europe. In Africa there were two crises in Morocco. The first time, in 1905, Germany full heartedly supported Morocco's call for independence from France, and with the British defending the French war was only avoided because of an international conference which made Morocco a French protectorate.

The second crisis occurred in 1911, and it was in protest to French supremacy in Morocco. The Germans finally gave the French a free hand in Morocco, but with a price. They demanded in exchange a portion if of the French Congo. Around this same era there was also a Bosnian crisis, which began with Austria-Hungary's takeover of the province of Bosnia in 1908. For this Serbia threatened war on Austria-Hungary with the pledged backing of Russia. As they began to mobilize, Austria- Hungary, with the alliance of Germany, threaten war on Russia.

When Russia backed down, the soon to be war was postponed, but left was a greatly strained relationship between Serbia and Austria-Hungary. On June 28, 1914 the battle lines were drawn with the assassinations in Sarajevo. It was believed that the crime was committed by a Serbian nationalist, and immediately following it Germany, with its full support pledged, pressed Austria-Hungary into declaring war on Serbia. At this same time, France was strengthening its backing of Russia. War might have been avoided if Serbia had excepted Austria-Hungary's harsh ultimatum, however they faithfully refused.

Almost at once the war fell into place. Austria declared war on July 28, 1914. The next day Russia mobilized against Austria- Hungary, on August 1st Germany declared war on Russia, and two days later on France. When Germany disregarded Belgium's neutrality, Britain declared war on Germany. Finally war had begun, and unlike the predictions that had been made the resulting war was long, indecisive, and reeked havoc on the nations of Europe. The Great War officially ended in January of 1919 with a peace conference in Paris which represented twenty- seven triumphant nations.

However almost immediately the great powers, United States, Great Britain, and France, were at odds with each other. President Wilson, the representative of the United States, was insist on first and foremost dealing with the creation of the League of Nations; while France and Britain on punishing Germany. In the long run France gave up on having a buffer zone between itself and Germany for a defensive alliance with the United States and Britain, and Wilson got the formation of the League of Nations. These developments were not the key items at the conference, rather it was the Treaty of Versailles. This treaty was made between the Allies and Germany, and it began to re-establish order. In the treaty, all of Germany's colonies were divided among the nations, thought it sustained minor losses of territory within Europe.

Its standing army was reduced to 100, 00 men, and they could not have forts in the Rhineland. The clause that angered most people was the one that made Germany claim responsibility for the war, and imposed reparations. Thought Germany's new republican government found the treaty to be harsh, they signed it and their discontent set the stage for the Second World War. Germany was not the only country to suffer because of the war; the world had been wiped clean of millions of people, and there was also extensive damage throughout Europe. However, these were not the only sufferings for the generation of the post- war era. The era followed with great many economic difficulties throughout the world.

The many industries that had been based on the war effort were no longer needed, thereby unemployment was on the rise, and the government had secured many debts to succeed in the war. These dictatorships involved a new form of tyranny and were most evident in Stalin Soviet Union and Nazi Germany. With hardships rising, people became more willing to put up with leaders like Stalin and Hitler. It is believed by many that Hitler would never have came to power if it had not been for the German peoples feelings of nationalism, and their discontent with the economy and the restrictions from the Treaty of Versailles. Hitler played on the people's emotions, and he officially won the game when he legally took over as the dictator of Germany. World War II was the last major effect of the First World War.

The war solved no problem. Its effects, both immediate and indirect, were either negative or disastrous. Morally subversive, economically destructive, socially degrading. Confused in its causes, devious in its course, futile in its result, it is the outstanding example of European history of meaningless conflict. These words of C. V Wedgwood are the perfect description of the Great War. World War I had many complex causes, rather than one simple which is what is believed by many people.

Furthermore, the effects were widespread throughout generations all over the world.) Lenin introduced a new economic policy in Russia. The NEP introduced a small scale version of capitalism to the tradi onal Russia. Before the NEP, Lenin distributed farmland to peasants and workers in the factories. Then this allowed the peasants to sell their surplus crops, instead of turning them into the government like they were always told.

Lenin then started the political reform, by organizing Russia into several governing rebulics. Stalin then was in control, he was sort of a Hitler. He wanted to take total control over Russia, and every aspect of the peoples lives, he then was a totaltarism leader. He then started to make Russia into a communism country.

He was in command of the economy, which pretty much says a government system which makes all of the decisions. He then outlined plans for the Soviet Union, to promote rapid industrial growth, to strengthen the nation. A lot happend with the developments of the people and the country of China. To start off the Qing Dynasty was overthrown.

Sun Yixian took over and was forced to Kuomintang (Nationalist Part). Which he succeeded over throwing the last emperor of the Dynasty. Mao Zedong was a school teacher and while this was all going on, his students protested because of the change and the beliefs of Sun Yixian's Western democracy. Demonstrations of the protester's soon called it the May Fourth Movement.

All based on and in favor of Lenin's brand of Soviet communism. The two separate groups with their different beliefs would fight with each other for who is right and what is best for the Dynasty. Until Japan entered, the two groups temporary joined together to fight off Japan. The Great March, which was a long journey of 6,000 miles. After World War I, Indian soliders, returned home hoping for a change with Britain under control of India.

Self government was promised. leaders India hoped after the war the promise would be full filled, but they were treated as second-class citizens. To protest all of the promises that were broken, about 10,000 Muslims and Hidus gathered at Amritsar, the capital of Punjab. It was a peaceful event until the soliders of the British troops were ordered to fire on the crowd. Lasting ten minutes, would 1200 and killing 400. The commander thought the group as acting in a manner that alarmed the British thinking this was big. After this big event this set the stage for Gandhi.

His strategy for defending injustice was religiously. He brought in religions such as Hinduism, Islam and Christianity. With the massacre the British failed to punish the officers, so Gandhi urged the Indian National Congress to follow present. 375.