Cancer Cells example essay topic

Classification of cancer determines appropriate treatment and helps determine the prognosis. Cancer develops progressively from an alteration in a cell's genetic structure due to mutations, to cells with uncontrolled growth patterns. Classification is me according to the site of origin, histology (or cell analysis; called grading), and the extent of the disease (called staging). Site of Origin This classification describes the type of tissue in which the cancer cells begin to develop. Here are some common examples of site of origin classification: Adenocarcinoma - originates in glandular tissue Blastema - originates in embryonic tissue of organs Carcinoma - originates in epithelial tissue (i. e., tissue that lines organs and tubes) Leukemia - originates in tissues that form blood cells Lymphoma - originates in lymphatic tissue Myeloma - originates in bone marrow Sarcoma - originates in connective or supportive tissue (e. g., bone, cartilage, muscle) Grading Grading involves examining tumor cells that have been obtained through biopsy under a microscope.

The abnormality of the cells determines the grade of the cancer. Increasing abnormality increases the grade, from 1 - 4. Cells that are well resemble mature, specialized cells. Cells that are undifferentiated are highly abnormal, that is, immature and primitive.

Grade 1 Cells slightly abnormal and well differentiated Grade 2 Cells more abnormal and moderately differentiated Grade 3 Cells very abnormal and poorly differentiated Grade 4 Cells immature and undifferentiated Staging Staging is the classification of the extent of the disease. There are several types of staging methods. The tumor, node, metastases (TNM) system classifies cancer by tumor size (T), the degree of regional spread or node involvement (N), and distant (M). Tumor (T) T 0 No evidence of tumor Tis Carcinoma in situ (limited to surface cells) T 1-4 Increasing tumor size and involvement Node (N) N 0 No lymph node involvement N 1-4 Increasing degrees of lymph node involvement Nx Lymph node involvement cannot be assessed Metastases (M) M 0 No evidence of distant metastases M 1 Evidence of distant metastases A numerical system also is used to classify the extent of disease. Stage 0 Cancer in situ (limited to surface cells) Stage I Cancer limited to the tissue of origin, evidence of tumor growth Stage II Limited local spread of cancerous cells Stage Extensive local and regional spread Stage IV Distant metastasis A doctor who specialists in treating cancer. A clinical oncologist, or radiotherapist, specialists in treating cancer with radiation, and a medical oncologist specialists in treating cancer with drugs.

A doctor who specializes in the treatment and prognosis of cancer. Oncologists may be specialists in particular areas such as chemotherapy, radiation or surgery. the science of matter; the branch of the natural sciences dealing with the composition of substances and their properties and reactions scientific study of the composition, structure, and properties of substances and the changes they undergo The study of the composition, structure, and other properties of substances and the transformations that they experience Radiation Oncologist Associate of Science, Bachelor of Science - Medical Technology, , Bachelor of Science - Biology and Chemistry, Medical Doctor Your yearly salary (gross): $300,000 (optional) 6) Job description (summary of your duties): [Describe (a) things you accomplish, (b) equipment you work with, (c) management tasks you perform, (d) percent of time at each kind of task (if applicable), etc.] Take care of cancer patients needing radiation therapy. Provide direction to technicians, therapists, physicist, and nurses to organize treatments which range from 2 weeks to 10 weeks. Use of Linear accelerators. I use simulators and high dose rate mache ry as well as radioactive agents used to deliver radiation.

Also daily care of patients. How did you get into this career? And what was your career path to your present position? [SEE ABOVE] Enjoy challenge of cancer management on biologic basis. Stresses and 14) As a conclusion, what words of advice would you give a person entering your field in the next four years? (i. e., education, internship, find a mentor, jump right in, etc.) This is a field to offer intelligent challenges to your wealth of school learning and display it on a daily basis. A very long training period is necessary - If you desire this position.

Continue your interest with people in your field of interest. The human body is made up of billions of cells. Cells have nuclei, which house their reproductive apparatus, i.e. DNA. Mistakes are made when cells reproduce. Occasionally, such mistakes accumulate and eventually the daughter cells form new blood vessel invade neighbouring tissues and spread throughout the body.

Consequently, vital organs get disrupted and the patient (if untreated) die The next stop on this magical mystery tour will be to a medical oncologist. If you are diagnosed with a cancer, you will be referred to an oncologist for evaluation and treatment recommendations. A medical oncologist is a physician who specializes in car treatment and the use of chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer. All of your physicians work closely together since there are overlapping roles in the treatment of most cancers.

Your oncologist may be a general medical oncologist, who treats patients with many different kinds of cancer; or if you are very lucky, and live in a larger metropolitan area, your oncologist may be a breast cancer specialist. Either way, it will now be necessary to discuss post-surgical treatment. The oncologist will be the one to determine the need for further treatment. If you have a very small tumor with no lymph node involvement, you might need only radiation, which wille discussed later.

If your tumor is larger and / or there is lymph node involvement, systemic treatment will probably be suggested. Your oncologist will consult with your surgeon and study the pathology report to help make a recommendation as to further treatment. Even if your surgeon says you don't need further treatment, it is best to have a consultation with an oncologist. There some specialties who overlap and some physicians who feel they are competent to orchestrate the whole treatment plan, but the more input you have, the better informed a decision you will be able to make. Would you ask someone who builds Examines and diagnoses disorders and diseases of the blood, bone marrow, vascular and immune system. Consults with patients to determine the appropriate course of treatment.

Recommends and orders tests to determine extent of illness or help diagnose conti on. Requires a degree in medicine from an accredited school and is licensed to... 25th%ile Median 75th%ile Kernersville, NC 27284 $169,113 $219,974 $286,807 web - Hematology / Oncology: Examines and diagnoses disorders and diseases of the blood, bone marrow, vascular and immune system. Requires a degree in medicine from an accredited school and is licensed to practice. May require at least 2-4 years of hematology / oncology experience. Familiar with standard concepts, practices, and procedures within a particular field.

Relies on and judgment to plan and accomplish goals. Performs a variety of tasks. May report to a medical director. A wide degree of creativity and latitude is expected.