Client And Server Network example essay topic

Chapter 8 MULTITASKING: - The ability of an OS to support numerous processes at the same time maintaining memory pointer so offering access to I / O data providing cycles of the CPU for computations- Can support as many simultaneous processes as CPUsTIMESLICING: - Simulated multitasking- Occurs when the CPUs computing cycle are divided between more than one task PREEMPTIVE MULTITASKING: - OS controls what process gets access to the CPU and for how long COOPERATIVE MULTITASKING: - OS does not have the ability to stop a process- No other process can access the CPU until the current process releases it CHARACTERISTICS OF NETBIOS NAMES: - No longer than 15 characters (16th character included but the OS manages it outside of user control) - Certain characters many not appear- Ending with a $ prevents the name from appearing on a browser list DIRECTORY SERVICES: - Works for a network much like the white / yellow pages- Lookup by name, types of services or resources- Windows 2000 - 1st directory NOS (Active Directory) - Netware - Novell Directory Services REDIRECTOR: - A software component operating at the Presentation layer of the OSI model and found on both client and server network operating systems- It examines a request (printer or data file... example) and determines if the resource is local or remote o local - the redirect or sends the request to the CPU for immediate processing o remote - sends the request over the network to the server or host of that particular source- Novell - request or- Linux - shell- Most commonly occurs when the local printer is mapped to a networked drive Purpose of NOS: - Controls the operations of a computer, including local hardware activity as well as communication over network media- Enables sharing resources- Managing peripherals- Maintaining security- Supporting privacy- Controlling user access- Windows 2000 and Netware (vs. 4 and higher) include built-in directory services that permit users simply to request resources and services and the work of locating and providing access to resources and services on the user's behalf- There are two fundamental networked services: o Sharing printer so Sharing directories CHAPTER 9 CLIENT-BASED MULTIVENDOR SOLUTION: - When multiple re directors are loaded on a client, the client can communicate with servers from different vendors- Ex. If Windows 98 client requires access to a Windows 2000 Server and a Novell Netware Server, you can load a redirect or for each operating system onto that client- Relies on client computer's re directors to decide to which server to send the request SERVER-BASED MULTIVENDOR SOLUTION: - A server that can readily communicate with clients from multiple vendors, such as Windows 2000 Server SAMBA: - An open source software suite that makes Linux servers look and act like Windows servers- It permits DOS or Windows clients to access Linux or Unix-based file systems and services w / o special software on the client end- A server-based solution; software and services need be installed only on a small number of servers- Can be downloaded and installed for free NFS: - Network File System - a distributed file system originally developed at Sun Microsystems- Supports network-based file and printer sharing using TCP / IP-based network protocols- Native to Unix- Allows networked machines to export portions of their local file systems and make them available to authorized users on the network TERMINAL SERVICES: - A software subsystem for NT and 2000 server that permits clients to run large or complex applications on computers with minimal processing power by transferring the burden of client processing to the server- Providing access: SS to modern Windows applications on older PCs or thin clients that might not otherwise be able to run those applications to centralized applications or services that would otherwise have to be installed on client machines- permitting remote clients using narrow bandwidth connections to access modern, powerful Windows applications w / o bandwidth-related performance delays CENTRALIZED COMPUTING: - A computing environment in which all processing takes place on a mainframe or central computer- "Dumb" terminals connect directly to the mainframe- "Thin Clients" attached to a terminal server or some kind can also access a mainframe- creates a large volume of data and does not efficiently use the PCs FRONT END vs. BACK END: - front end - a client presents data in a usable for mo accepts instructions from the user, formats them for the server and send its requests to the server- back end - a server o does not contain user interface software o stores and maintains data; most database functions occur within ito receives requests from clients, processes them, and returns information to the client BENEFITS OF CLIENT / SERVER ENVIRONMENT: - methods of implementation: o single database server o multiple database servers distributed SS multi-tiered database- simplifies network administration- centralized user accounts- secure- centralized file storage- simplifies back-up CHAPTER 10 USER MANAGER FOR DOMAINS: - make sure all users can access resources they are allowed to access but can't access resources they don't have permission to access- user account collection of information about a user account name associated password a set of access permissions for network resources- group account umbrella account to which individual accounts may be assigned to grant them a predetermined set of rights- two predefined accounts in NT /2000 o administrative o guest- network admin decisions relate to: o password so logon hour so auditing- global group so a group meant to be used in more than one domain o can include local users- local group so a group meant to be used in a single node o can include individual users and global users- global groups can include individual users- local groups can include individual users and global groups- native model no NT servers may act as a domain controllers in that domain- Mixed model When NT servers do function as domain controllers with 2000 Directory Service- Windows NT/2000 server default groups: o Domain admin so Domain user so Domain guests- Automatic group so Everyone Authenticated user so Interactive Network- - Trust relationship so One domain permits members of another domain to access its resource so Used to manage cross-domain communication so Windows NTS S 1-way or 2-way "trust" between domains, so that members of a given domain can access resources in another domain o windows 2000 SS automatic trust relationships are all two way DISK MIRRORING vs. DUPLEX ING- Disk mirroring-data is written to two hard drives, rather than one, so that if one disks fails, then the data remains accessible- Disk duplex ing - data is written to two hard drives, each with its own disk controller, so that if one disk or controller fails, then the data remains accessible.