Jury System example essay topic

The Individual and the Court System - Essay The Australian jury trial system is said to have many merits and defects, and as Winston Churchill once said about democracy the Australian jury system is "not a perfect system, it is just the least worst of all the others". In analyzing the system several major strengths can be seen, but many weaknesses can be found also. It is a matter of great interest in the general community and many people have written on it, ranging from past jurors to university students. Some of the main strengths seen are that juries have established philosophical and historical importance within our community. The jury system is a centuries old tradition of our legal system and in the eyes of the community it remains a vital expression of the importance of justice being adjudicated upon by ordinary citizens. Without a jury system, it is claimed that the liberties of individuals would be adjudicated upon by unrepresentative experts who would further remove the workings of the legal system from those it is meant to serve in the wider community.

It is also seen that the random selections of jury members from a cross section of society ensures that the law remains adjudicated upon by a representative sample of society who can reflect the values of the community they serve. In recent years it is argued that juries have effectively expressed community attitudes on diverse matters including passive smoking, reckless drunk driving and self defense claims in murder trials by women who had suffered repeated physical and mental abuse. The existence of a jury means that lawyers must ensure that their cases are presented in a way that enables community understanding of important issues and principles. Without a jury it is argued the evolution of the principles of our legal system would become increasingly complex and removed from the understanding of the community.

In general the community is more likely to have confidence in the decision of a representative group of that community than one made by a single judge or a court appointed panel of experts. If the system was removed it would open the adjudication process of civil and criminal trials up to the possibility of political or monetary influence - the jury is a vital institution for ensuring that 'open courts' remain truly open to public scrutiny. It is also argued by some that 'in diversity there is strength', this means that the jury system still provides the best opportunity for diverse opinions, attitudes and perceptions to be brought to bear on a particular matter. The fact that community confidence in our judicial system is dependent on the secret and anonymous deliberations of members of the community is important and jury verdicts are preferred over the decisions of appointed judges or experts. In particular, the requirement for a unanimous verdict in a murder trial reinforces the importance of the presumption of innocence for those who face a serious loss if liberty within our community. Some defenders of the system recognise that there is no perfect system of judicial fact finding but the jury system still remains the 'least worst' of suggested methods of fact finding.

On the other hand the jury system has several major flaws that need to be addressed, one of these is that the philosophical and historical arguments for use of the jury system are no longer as important. For example centuries ago juries could be seen as providing safeguards against arbitrary decision making and serving to protect the liberties of accused. However, in modern societies sufficient safeguards exist within the judicial system and these together with improvements in the education levels of our community mean that juries are not required as bulwarks against the erosion of precious liberties. Also the random selection of jury members provides the courts with panels of persons unqualified and unable to discharge their duties effectively. The categories of those ineligible to serve or who can be excused as of right or upon request are far too broad. Rather that have juries that represent a cross-section of society, juries are, in fact, selected from an overly narrow band of our community.

The extensive range of exemptions from jury service had increased the likelihood that juries are unable to adequately or intelligently assess courtroom evidence, legal instructions, expert witnesses and make informed judgments. This can be seen strongly in the Chamberlain trial, here the jury was swayed by scientific evidence that was ultimately disregarded and the expert evidence was ignored. It is also shown in the results of a recent survey in which it was found "having to deal with the evidence, having to deal with an environment of which they were very unsure, created problems for them (the jurors)". Juries also act in encouraging lawyers to present evidence and argument in a straight-ward fashion, this encourages lawyers to present arguments in simplistic and often exaggerated terms in order to appeal to the emotions of jury members. Juries can also not be guaranteed to make their deliberations without the influence of prejudice or community perceptions of a particular matter and this is reflected in exaggerated and inconsistent awards of damages by civil juries.

This is shown in a university of Queensland shows "jurors hearing serious criminal cases often rely on their own attitudes and values when making decisions". It was said that the jurors report being confused by court protocol and feeling it limited their ability to absorb evidence. 'They felt that the barristers hadn't given them information that they required through the evidence,' One juror mentioned that 'It was a bit like being thrown pieces of a jigsaw puzzle and there were pieces that were missing and they had to fill those pieces with their own experience'. It is arguable which side holds more sway, while it seems that the majority of published reports deal with the defects of the system there are a number of reasons for it's continuation. This seems to fate that it unlikely to be abolished entirely in either civil or criminal courts. It seems to me that any changes that are to be made will be focused on the need for specialised jurors and the ability for civil juries to award damages.

As crimes become increasingly more complex it seems that changes will need to be made to the system but it will be a heatedly debated subject when it's change is made.

Bibliography

Structures and Systems, Will mott. J and Dowse. J, 2001, Western Australia, Politics Law Publishing Bulletin with Newsweek, 7/6/2004, Vol. 122 Issue 6428, p 22, 4 p web - Jury Problems.