Louis XIV example essay topic

Born in 1638 with Saint-Germain-en-Lake, wire and successor of the precedent (1643-1715); was only five years old with its advent; His / her mother, Anne of Austria, were an officially regent until 1651; In fact, it was the right-hand man of this one, the Mazarin cardinal, who controlled, and that until his death in 1661. The ministry of Mazarin was marked by two significant orders in fact: From the interior point of view, the civil war of the sling, last tentative of opposition armed to the royal authority and whose failure will ensure the triumph of the absolute monarchy. From the external point of view, end of the thirty year old war and end of the particular war with Spain which was like a prolongation (treated of Munster, in 1648, which produced the French domination in Alsace; treated of the Pyrenees, in 1659, which ensured France, at the expense of Spain, of the immediate territorial enlarging's, Artois, Roussillon, and, by the marriage of Louis XIV with the infante Marie Th " er'ese, provides matter to the later claims of Louis XIV on the succession of Spain). Since 1661, Louis XIV was with itself, according to his expression, its Prime Minister.

Its personal government, and which lasted cinquante-quatre years, was the apogee in France of the absolute monarchy: the circumstances lent themselves to it, but the personality even of the king also contributed to it to a very large extent (air of majestic eases which is kept until in its least acts and which gave of him the impression a being above the common human condition; very high idea which it had the rights like duties of the royalty; exemplary assiduity has to direct itself the businesses of its kingdom and to fill its trade of king.) Been useful by large ministers (Colbert, which ensured him of the resources developing the public richness and by putting order in royal finances, and that it created to him a navy of war; Tellier and his / her son, Louvois, which gave him the army necessary to its policy; Hugues de Lionne, skilful diplomatic, formed at the school of Mazarin), and by large Generals (in the first rank cop and Turenne), provided of more than resource than any other sovereign of then and having the strongest army, Louis XIV finds himself in a position to make the law in Europe: the war of devolution (1667-1668), then the war of Holland (1672-1678) enabled him to remove in Spain of new territories (pieces of the Flanders, Franche-Comt'e) and to move back of as much, in north and the east the borders of the kingdom. But its power, its policy of prestige and conquest, by worrying the other states, caused them has to be linked against him. Already, its aggression against Holland (1672) had answered a first European coalition. New demonstrations of its invading policy and provocante determined of it one second and it was the war of the league of Augsburg (1688-1697); it held head, as in the war of Holland, with its adversaries, but already with difficulty. Finally the opening of the succession of Spain by causing a third. The war of succession of Spain (1701.1714) was worth serious failures to him.

L France was invaded and appeared about to succumb; various circumstances, inter alia the victory of Villars with Dena in (1712), enabled him to be raised and conclude peace (treated of Utrecht and Ra statt) without too large sacrifices: one of the grandsons of Louis XIV, Philippe V, summer recognized as king d' Espagne. France about completely kept its territorial acquisitions in Europe, but sacrificed some of these colonial territories, yielded to England. Especially, it left the exhausted war and to dispossess of the supremacy which it had, one moment, exerted in Europe. In the intellectual order, a rare meeting of great writers and large artists contributed then, at the same time as the superiority of these weapons, and a more durable way, with the prestige of France in Europe.

In the religious field, louis XIV persecuted Royal Port and the Protestants, and, less careful than Richelieu and than Mazarin, undertook to bring back the latter, of liking or force, with Catholicism: the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes (1685) and its detrimental consequences in France (emigration of many Protestants; Revolt Protestants of the Cevennes, Camisa rds, in full war of succession with Spain) were the result of this policy. Louis XIV have like favorite Misses of Valli " ere and Madam de Montespan. With died of the queen Marie Th " er'ese it secretly married Madam de Maintenon.