National Child Labour Laws example essay topic

Child labour The industrial revolution began in Great Britain during the 1700's. Industry grew rapidly with the development of power-driven machinery and new methods of production. By the mid-1800's, the Industrial Revolution had become widespread in Western Europe. From this child labour began. Child labour is the employment of children as wage earners. It became a serious social problem during the Industrial Revolution in Britain during the 1700's, and the problem spread to other countries as they became industrialized.

The problem first began when children, many below the age of 10, were employed by factories and mines. The children were forced to work long hours under dangerous and unhealthy conditions, and their wages were very little. Social reformers began to condemn child labor practices because of their bad effect on the health and welfare of children. The most effective attack on the evils of child labour may have come from Charles Dickens' novel Oliver Twist (1837-1839).

The book was widely read in both Britian and the United States. Gradually, countries passed laws to correct the abuses of child labour. Children still work today. In Canada, Britain, the United States, and many other countries, most working children are teen-a gers who hold part-time jobs. Their working conditions are carefully regulated by law. However, in Asia and other parts of the world, millions of boys and girls still hold full-time jobs.

In some countries, children under 15 form a large part of the total working force, and there is little or no control over their working conditions. Abuses of child labour, Since ancient times, children have worked to help support their families, especially on farms. But child labour created no major social problems until the factory system of labour began. During the 1700's, many businesses in Britain began to hire children. Children worked for lower wages than adults, and were not so likely as adults to cause labor troubles.

Factory owners wanted to use their small, nimble fingers for tending machines. Children worked for low pay in dirty, poorly lighted factories, mills, and mines. They often performed jobs that really required adult strength. Many children worked to help support their unemployed parents. Orphans were forced into labour. Similar conditions became common in the United States during the late 1700's.

Child workers were often deprived of the chance to attend school. Uneducated, the only work they were capable of doing was unskilled labor. So, they had little chance to better themselves. However some kind factory owners did educate the boys of the factory after they had done a days work while the girls went home to cook clean and men clothes. Early child labour laws, In 1802, the British Parliament passed the first law regulating child labour.

The law prohibited the employment of pauper children (children dependent on charity) under 9 years of age in cotton mills. Pauper children under 14 could not work at night, and their workday was limited to 12 hours. In 1819, the law was extended to include all children. No real provision for enforcing these laws was made until 1833. Germany was the second country to pass national child labour laws. It did so in 1839.

The development of the textile industry in America depended heavily on children. In 1832, about 40 per cent of all factory workers in New England were between the ages of 7 and 16.