Oral Steroids In Copd A Oral Steroids example essay topic
496 words
Q. I have patients previously diagnosed as Asthma who are now classified as COPD. Should I keep them on inhaled steroids? A. If you have a strong suspicion that your patient has COPD rather than asthma (smoking history, progressive shortness of breath), then you should slowly reduce the dose of inhaled steroids (over several months - e.g. 25% reduction every 2-3 months). In most patients with COPD you will be able to withdraw the inhaled steroid completely, without any increase in symptoms or change in lung function. Q. What is a recommended 'steroid trial' for COPD? A. The most frequently used regime for a steroid trial is to give oral (40 mg daily in a single morning dose) for 2 weeks. It is best to make measurements of peak expiratory flow (PEF) twice a day for 2 weeks before starting oral steroids in order to get a baseline value and then during the treatment period.
FEV, should be measured at the beginning and end of the baseline period and after the inhaled steroids. A steroid trial is considered positive if FEV, or mean PEF increase by more than 15%, when a diagnosis of asthma is made. It is important to remember that some patients will have asthma and COPD at the same time. Q. What is the role, if any, for oral steroids in COPD? A. Oral steroids are used in a formal trial of steroids and may be useful in acute exacerbations of COPD. They should not be used as a maintenance treatment because of the side effects of long-term steroid therapy. Q. With a newly diagnosed COPD patient should I initiate steroid therapy, if so how? A. If a patient has COPD with no evidence of response to oral steroids (negative steroid trial) then inhaled steroids should not be used. It is possible that inhaled steroids may alter the accelerated annual rate of decline in lung function with age. Q. How will I know if a COPD patient is benefiting from steroid therapy? A. The best way to determine whether inhaled steroids are beneficial is to slowly reduce the dose.
If FEV, or mean PEF show no deterioration, the inhaled steroid can be completely withdrawn. Q. Will COPD patients need to be on long-term steroid therapy? If so, what about side effects? A. Only patients who have shown a positive response to oral steroids (steroid trial) should be on inhaled steroids. Many patients are put on high dose inhaled steroids as they do not respond to conventional 'asthma' therapy and have severe airflow obstruction. This may result in systemic effects such as skin fragility and might contribute to osteoporosis. Inappropriate prescribing of inhaled steroids will also prove expensive. Q. Should Mild, Moderate and Severe COPD patients be treated differently with regards to steroid therapy? A. The same considerations apply to all patients with COPD, irrespective of the severity of airway obstruction.
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