Roman Government example essay topic

Chapter 7 Section Reviews SECTION 11. republic-form of government in which voters elect their leaders consul-chief executives who run the government and are also army commanders veto-refusal to approve and act or bill checks and balances-a principle to prevent any one part of government from becoming too powerful praetor-military commander and judge censor-determined how much tax people should pay tribune-could veto Senate bills and act as public officials dictator-had absolute power and served a 6 month term 2. Romulus-Founder of Rome, son of Mars Pontifex Maximus-The high priest, elected for life by a special assembly of 17 tribes 3. Tiber River-Connects Rome to the Mediterranean Rome-In the Center of what is presently Italy Rubicon River-Connects the Tiber to the Adriatic Sea 4. The Etruscans developed a written language from Greek characters. They were able to better their language system. 5.

Rome was located in the Center of everything. It was an amazing location. They had access to all the neighboring countries. Although Rome would have been very subject to a navel attack if ships were built like today's ships. 6. I would rather live under a democracy no matter how much we voted over.

I like the feeling that we have say in everything that happens with my country. In the Roman government you didn't have much say. Some people didn't even have any say in the government at all. SECTION 21. indemnity-money for damages latifundia-leasing land to anyone who could afford it equites-businesspeople of Rome crucifixion-the accused was tied to a cross and left to die a slow agonizing death from suffocation 2. publican-contracted with censors to agree to collect the taxes and pay a fixed about to the Roman treasury Spartacus-was crucified along with 6,000 of his followers 3. Carthage-on the Mediterranean Southwest of Sicily Sicily-an island South of Rome but North of Africa Zama-Southwest of Carthage, home of a battle 4. a) They were fighting over land and the control of all trade.

Rome feared the Carthaginian navy would close the Adriatic Sea and the narrow Strait of Messina. b) Carthage was no longer a threat to Rome 5. a) It was forced to expend to meet the needs of the new territories. Proconsuls were appointed by the Senate and backed by a Roman army to lead the provinces. b) The farmer would served in the Punic War came back to a farm in ruins. Many of the farmers moved to the cities. The role of a citizen-farmer was no longer needed. SECTION 31. Marius-a military hero who signed citizens to his legions whether they had land or not and ended up falling to Sulla Sulla-defeated Marius and ruled as military dictator until 79 B.C. Pompey-Member of the First Triumvirate and was killed by Caesar Cleopatra-ruler of Egypt Marc Antony-friend of Caesar, member of Second Triumvirate, fell in love with Cleopatra Nero-was believed to have started a fire and committed suicide Marcus Aurelius-the last of the Good Emperors 2.

Actium-home of a battle 3. a) The group of Caesar, Crassus, and Pompey b) To control the popularity of the people in the Senate. The three formed a political alliance. 4. It means you do something that you can't take back. Caesar crossed the Rubicon River when the Senate told him he would be a rebel if he did so. 5.

The fall of the Second Triumvirate was very significant to the fall of the Empire. There were three very strong leaders and they self-distracted. It they could have worked together they would have formed a greater Empire. SECTION 41. Pax Romana-Roman Peace Aqueduct-bridge like structure that carries water from the mountains to the citiesColonus-an agricultural worker, or tenant farmer 2. Praetorian Guard-organized by Augustus to guard the praetoriumGalen-a physician who wrote several volumes that summarized all the medical knowledge of his day Ptolemy-believed that the earth lay at the center of the universe 3.

They guarded the land to keep others from invading it and taking it from them. They invaded others seizing their land to make it their own. 4. Farming seemed to be overshadowed by all the new ideas about sciences. Farming was no longer the main job for the citizens.

It began to be very expensive to own slaves so the owners began to free their slaves because a lot of the time it was more expensive to keep the slave as a colon us. 5. Most of the Romans were poor. They had to work very hard for a living. They lived in crowded three- or four-story concrete apartment houses, where fire posed a constant threat. They ate three simple meals including bread, cheese, and fruit.

The rich ate much more exotic foods. They also lived in large houses and even sometimes owned slaves. 6. The Latin and English languages are very similar.

The Latin alphabet consisted of 23 letter. The only difference between it and the English is in the English the letters J, Y, and W are added. Many English words are derived from Latin words. SECTION 51. rabbi-scholar learned in the scriptures and in commentaries on religious law-filled their role martyr-people who died because they refused to renounce their beliefs patriarchs-bishop over a Roman city pope-claimed supremacy over the other patriarchs, the successor of Peter, leader of the Roman Catholic Church 2. disciples-Jesus' 12 chosen men to travel with him and help him spread the good news Constantine-legalized Christianity Theodosius-Constantine's successor who banned pagan worship 3. Bethlehem-South of Jerusalem, East of the Mediterranean Sea Jerusalem-North of Bethlehem but South of Palestine Nazareth-where Jesus was born Tarsus-on the Northeastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea 4. God will always love and forgive us and that is why he came down to earth to be one of us, to save us.

The people were looking for one god to credit everything to. They were tired of all the bloody carnage they had seen. A god that come to earth as one of them sounded like he would truly care for them. 5. Many of the Emperors became Christian and thence persuading their people to also convert. Some Emperors even made the other religions illegal, forcing the people to convert.

6. The people needed to see others also worshiping God. They needed priests and bishops to lead them and interpret God's laws for them. They needed a leader to help keep them doing in the right path. SECTION 61. inflation-the rise of prices due to the decrease in value collegia-workers' trade associations anarchy-the absence of any government at all 2. Commodus-Marcus Aurelius' weak successor and son Ostrogoths-a Germanic tribe that migrated southeast to settle north of the Black Sea Visigoths-tribe that Alaric became part of.

They also defeated the Huns Huns-forced many Germanic tribes into the empire Alaric-became the leader of the Visigoths Attila-fierce leader of the Huns that led an attack on Gaul Romulus Augustulus-the last emperor of the western Roman empire 3. Constantinople-On the strait connecting the Black Sea to the Mediterranean Sea Black Sea-North of Asia Minor Rhine River-In what is presently France, flowing into the North Sea Danube River-West of the Black Sea but never touching the Mediterranean Sea Adrianople-Northwest of Constantinople just off the Black Sea Chalons-In what is presently France, just West of the Rhine and South and East of the Atlantic Ocean 4. Policies proved impractical and difficult to enforce. The august uses and caesars began to fight over power. 5. a) The splitting of the emperors duties between an augustus and a Caesar) They began to fight over power.

6. The empire couldn't be run by more than one person and Theodosius's sons tried to share the throne. Inefficiency and corruption plagued the empire. The empire began to be attacked by Germans and the government and army were not run under the leadership needed to defend themselves.