Standard For Sound Maps example essay topic

The sound map - history and ranges of application the ranges of application of a sound map extended in the last years strongly. Begun of simple beep tones, there are nowadays already the errors and such publications sound maps with a Subwoofer connection, even complete Surround systems. Today the sound maps are used mainly for music hearing, in addition, in the play world the sound finds ever more trailer. When the first PC came on the market, was not to be thought of digital music from the computer yet at all.

Only which a computer could do at that time at tones producing was bleepers and other monotonous, always same tones. Another aspect was that that there was little reason for a sound, since no applications were present, which could use these. The only tones were the so-called 'Beeps', which a computer gave from itself whenever it had problems with any little thing. This 'Beeps' gives it also today still, but these announce themselves only, if the computer receives and / or discovers a fatal error with the boat procedure. The Macintosh computer was one first, with which one could play high-quality sounds.

This 'sound map' was integrated with this computer in the hardware and software. An open architecture in the PC made it possible however to extend this and to thus develop and / or adapt new audio hardware for the PC platform. Although there was still no universal Multimedia standard at that time concerning the necessary hardware and software gave, a De-facto-standard could form despite everything. Today the sound map is often already present on the chip set of the Main board and offers a good Stereo sound.

With sound maps the sound hardware sits in form of an audio adapter on the chip. By the adapter the connections are available for headphones / loudspeakers, microphone and 'audio in'. Around the sound however to play to be able a driver is necessary, which is mostly provided with the operating system. Often also some programs offer a driver, in order to be able to play the sound for application. The sound maps at first mostly found in plays their place of work. Many manufacturers manufactured sound maps, and there it at this time still no sound standard gave, would have had to insert the user for each play another sound map.

In addition, at this time MIDI interface (musical instrument digitally interfaces) appeared. This MIDI interface spread at first in the music industry so strongly that it became affordable for the users after short time also. The sound maps thereafter came out, often possessed microphone entrance and an MIDI interface, so that these maps were first, which went beyond the area of application play. A disadvantage was that there was still no standard for sound maps.

The standards are here then mostly determined by the market leaders, what one generally calls then De-facto-standard. This standard differs however from the De-jure-standard. The De-facto-standard has its cradle in the popularity of a product and the associated economic advantages. In the last years many sound map manufacturers achieved themselves the supremacy at the market as group. The market leader is however still an individual company, whose sound map the individual other manufacturers emulate simply (copy). The range of application for the sound extends over a large area.

You find this here listed: - Stereo sound for playing and maintenance software - improvement of the didactical effect for teaching programs and plays - expenditure of sound effects for presentations and training software in office space - production of digital music over the MIDI hardware and software - sound file production - audio signal production for operating systems - transformation of text files in language - dictating function, i. e... 'a speaking' of words into the PC - playing music (CD, non removable disk) like the whole other luxury in the PC was developed also the sound map at first exclusively for plays. Due to its some sound maps possess so-called Game adapters. This adapter is a special interface for Joysticks and other input devices for plays. However a conflict with the I / O area can emerge by these interfaces, because all play interfaces use this I / O area.

In the modern plays one cannot exclude oneself a sound map any longer, since many plays become only playable by the sound at all. By the use of digitized human voices the plays in punk to reality proximity get a completely new dimension. However by diagram, and this is still so detail faithful, cannot be against-reflected the reality not correctly. If sound TRACKS are merged into a play, that can emphasize certain situations exactly as more strongly in films.

The sound map - multimedia ranges of application with a sound map one can carry out different things. In addition e.g. the recording of digital sounds and songs belongs. These are converted by the sound map into a certain code, so that the later file needs little storage location. In order to receive a multimedia PC, one does not come around around a sound map.

Here however is only clarified, what the term Multimedia means at all. Only times this term covers a number of PC technologies, which have to do mainly with videos, pictures and sounds as well as storing from data to. The term 'Multimedia' designates thereby the ability of a computer, video, to process and show pictures and sounds and the data belonging to it. That is, that the PC should possess at least one CD / DVD drive assembly. Also a sound map and a good diagram map belong to. The so-called MPC (Multimedia PC marketing Council) developed the MPC level 1 and the MPC level 2 at the beginning of 2 standards.

Later this standard was extended by the software Publishers Association (SPA) with the MPC level 3. All these standards set the minimum Vorrausetzungen for the PC. In the table you find a performance of the 3 standards. Today, as one can infer from the table, is the MPC level 3-Standard is a minimum for each PC, which is multi medially used. With the current systems the MPC level 3 is anyway far exceeded.

However each Multimedia PC should possess at least Windows 95, 32 MByte RAM, 2 Mbyte non removable disk, a decent diagram map and naturally good loudspeakers. One must note however that the MPC level 3-Standard plans still no loudspeakers for the expenditure for sound, although these are indispensable for it. The MPC standards define the sound abilities of a Multimedia system beside the hardware also still. Among these abilities mentioned), the music synthesis and the Audio mixing rank the mechanism for digital sound recordings and showed (also 'linear PCM Sampling'. The quality of the sound files is likewise very important. There are in principle two kinds of files, which are used for the storage of the sound on the PC.

A kind is the general sound file. It uses formats among other things such as WAV, MP 3. These sound files contain the data in Waveform, i.e. that there is similar sound recordings, which were digitized for the purpose of storage on the computer. Exactly like diagrams in different dissolutions, one can store sound files in different qualities.

Hereunder applies: the smaller the file is, the smaller is the quality and one. In the table you find to three different qualities. As one can recognize there, the dissolution between the first and last dissolution is rather large. Sound files with CD quality can use enormous quantities of storage location. 60 seconds in CD quality would take approximately 10 MByte storage location. Today however the size problem is hardly still another problem, since there is MP 3.

These sound files are already packed and cannot be and needed therefore first of all no more secondly a Player, which can play this format. Nowadays a MP 3-Decoder is however already inserted in each music program. Thus also some plays with ever more music can be full-packed. Now to the digital recordings. All sound maps on the market possess audio and microphone entrance. With the audio entrance one can feed external sources of music.

With the microphone entrance one can bring the voice or other tones in noted and into the computer. Unite functions in the operating system can on 'system control - acoustic signals' tones in the WAV format be assigned. The sounds do not however only have to serve for the maintenance. One can use e.g. special sounds with highlights, error messages or with the receipt of a E-Mail.

But there are prefabricated WAV sounds, which can be used in addition in the operating systems. In Windows 9 x there is beside still another audio pattern, with which sounds are assigned automatically to the different messages. In addition, beside the Audioschemen gives programs, which equip the operating system automatically with new sounds. Thus everyone can provide its own sphere of activity.

In addition, one can use its own language recording for a certain event. With newer PCS one can use also cutouts CD or another data medium than message signal. If it is possible, one knows also the television, which video recorders or the stereo anlage attach and store thus each x-arbitrary sound on the computer. The sound map - all topics and ranges ona view a sound map possesses talents like speech recognition, that are used most frequently for video and audio conferences in the InterNet. Further abilities of the sound map are e.g. the proof reading, playing audio CDs, the so-called sound mixer.

Also I will clarify the question here whether a sound map is really necessary. With some sound maps a so-called speech recognition software is provided, which is able to recognize the human voice and to convert these in writing or motion. But one can also later to it-buy this software. From this speech recognition there are two different versions. One of these versions can transform that speaking only into fundamental instructions for system operating, which can write others so-called 'dictations', convert thus the language into writing in a text processing program such as Word. One calls first of these versions also 'language control' and the other 'dictating software'.

To the language control: It is the simpler of the two versions, since the software gets along with a strongly limited vocabulary. One can 'instruct' thereby the computer by language that he is to open e.g. a file, without one must move thereby a finger. This system has however the disadvantage that, if one comes the program in the office or at the job used, it to a noisier environment and probably gets so the program problems, since from all pages language instructions come. But this program offers a totally new operating kind for people, which are partly stuck, e.g. in the hand. Alone therefore the advancement of such programs is very important. Here still another reference: The speech recognition programs are reduced due to its limited vocabulary something, which concerns the applicable ness.

To these programs e.g. instructions are missing as 'format C'. Now to the dictating software: This version of speech recognition is very many more complex. Due to the very high range of variation of the human voice and the words it is very heavy to convert normal language into text. Therefore nearly each software of this kind must be co-ordinated and trained with the voice of the user. This training consists of it that one reads out certain prefabricated words, from which the program points, which one straight before-let. So the program can link words determined later with the spoken.

The judgement's over such programs fail from each user differently. There are users, who say that you dictate the text, without having to use only one only once the keyboard. On the other side gives it in addition, user, which say that it makes more circumstances to eliminate the program errors as with the keyboard to work. One may not forget however the fact that the technology of speech recognition is still in child shoes and is thus strongly by the fluctuations of the human voice affected. If one should be ill for example and have cold, then is often so strong the change voice that the program understands no more only letter. Also one must have a fast computer, which can convert the language as fast as possible into text, because if the periods of reply are longer than humans with that speakers need, then the program comes simply no longer afterwards.

Video and audio conferences are the most current innovation in things Multimediaanwendungen. These take place over the InterNet and find now, since that appear from the DSL entrance ever more trailer. There are two kinds also here. Once the user user system, in which two users mutually to exchange itself and a multi-user system, in which several users can exchange themselves approximately around the globe at one time. If one enjoys then still in real time, one calls the 'Streaming'. For such applications a sound map is indispensable.

Depending upon the speed of the InterNet connection, the data compression rate of the software and the employment of Stream video with sound, the expenditure quality of such conferences of on-line of unsatisfactorily to rather good varies. In addition, this kind of language programs is still rather young. With the today's standard connection of 56 kips (Kilo bit by Second; K-bit pro customer) is already well possible a simple speech transmission. A video Streaming will however too much many losses and jerk-learn to lead.

Another operational area for the sound maps is the proof reading. That means it that the computer converts words into language. This software can read out emphasized words or even a whole file. This kind can use each user and I would like no notes for the use here to give. Find a range of application simple. Think thereby simply once of your enamels.

One can use a CD Rome drive assembly also very well as a normal CD player. One sticks on simply only the headphones to the front exit of the drive assembly or one hears the music over the attached boxes. So rather all CD drive assemblies support nowadays a listening to of audio CDs. Nearly each sound map can convert the similar input signals into audible.

A software for this process outward often looks like a small audio center and offers also corresponding functions. One needs a sound mixer whenever several audio functions are to be played at the same time over the same sound map on a pair of loudspeakers. Over this sound mixer then the different audio sources can be put such as MIDI, WAV, LINE in and to CD on the sound exit. A pertinent software often possesses a graphic sliding control, as one finds it in Musik studios. Over this automatic controller then the individual audio sources can be headed for. We come however now to the question whether a sound map is really necessary!

Many of you will answer to this question: 'in any case ones! As one is to be heard otherwise music?' But we look at ourselves now times the background of this statement: They read in this article and also into preceding the much over the different possibilities, with which one can enrich the 'Feeling' at the computer by sound of high quality. It is clear that the sound increases the maintenance value of plays as well as of Multimedia applications for users, who look for above all the fun at the computer. But which is with the persons, those the computer in business use. There are, as before already said, applications such as language notes or audio conferences, which one can use commercially very well.

Also in training courses and training environments sound can play an important role. But there are three factors, which make the acquisition more difficult of sound support in the office. That would be: - costs - productivity and - noise the prices, which one must pay for sound hardware, sank in the last years strongly. In the commercial world it does not need High end Audio adapter, but simple sound maps with MPC specifications are sufficient here.

Individual sound maps are not very expensive. If one must buy however directly hundreds or thousands of PC, this small Suemmchen adds up to completely substantial sums. Then one must to it-count also still the service, which installs the new hardware and configures. Most simply here an acquisition of a computer, in which the sound map is integrated already in the Main board, would be as well as it today with many complete PCS the case is. These systems are before-configure usually or at the latest by the installation of the operating system automatically are configured. Thus these systems with integrated audio system eliminate the costs of the installation and offer besides the fundamental audio possibilities for the smallest costs.

Then however the productivity of the employees falls in the light. Many responsible person discover only in late days, how an unrestricted InterNet entrance affects the moral of the employees. But it is clear that sound and the World Wide Web ( ) in the commercial world have a certain value, but the question, whether the employees understand these possibilities rather as toy, remains still open. An answer to it to give is not very simple. The administrators could limit the employee the entrance to the sound configurations. But thus the usefulness of the hardware is not still for a long time reduced.

The employees could download themselves without problems of songs from the InterNet or note even. Here there are only two possibilities of the abolishment. One can put on once a filter for the InterNet, which does not load music files only at all, or one trusts in the fact that the things in the course of the time become more uninteresting and the employees then become again more productive. The last problem lies in the noise, which is caused by each individual PC. But the problem of the environment depends here. Persons, who work in small single offices, need a certain noise level, whereas persons, who work in work cabs, which should be noise levels.

In an open-plan office there against such a noise can represent a serious problem. A possible solution would be here a few headphones, which bring along the employees either from at home or by the company gotten posed. However from again new costs result for whose abolishment a solution can be found however surely. The administrators should consider these factors with the acquisition of a sound map..